PACEMAKER
Pace maker is an electrical pulse generator for starting and maintaining the normal heart beat. Out put of the pace maker is applied either externally to the chest or internally to the heart muscles. In the case of cardiac stand still the use of pace maker is temporary just used for normal heart beat .In case requiring long term pacing the pace maker is surgically implemented in the body and its electrodes are in direct contact with the heart .In cardiac diseases where the ventricle rate is too low it can be increased by using pace maker The various rythematic disturbance that result heart lock and Adams strokes attack represent a serious pathological condition .During that time , the patient becomes unconscious .By fixing the electronic pace maker the above defects can be eliminated .By using pace maker the death rate is highly reduced.
Like all the muscles tissues, the heart muscles can be stimulated with an electric shock. The minimum energy required to excite the heart muscles is about 10 joules. That is, a pulse of 5v, 10ma, and 2ms is used. Too high a pulse energy produce ventricle fabrication, it is a dangerous thing during this time the muscles contraction takes place and circulatory attack takes place and the patient will be in a unconscious state and some times he may die.
IN pace maker the pulses should have the pulse to space ratio 1:10000and that should be negatively going pulse to avoid the ionization of the muscles .pulse reputation is 70 pulses per minute, but pace maker are adjustable in range of 50-150pulses per minute. Duration of pulses is between 1and 2 mlsec.out put pulses from the pace maker appear at the pair of electrodes used for triggering the heart.
